Ponente
Descripción
Among brain tumors, gliomas (glioblastoma, astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma) are the most common and deadly malignant group. Despite not being the most common type of cancer, their prognosis is poor. The average survival of patients who suffer from glioblastoma multiforme (the most malignant grade) is from 14 to 15 months. These diffuse and invasive brain tumors arise from the malignant transformation of glial cells or their precursors in the central nervous system. Current diagnostic methodologies for this disease consist of imaging and tissue biopsies, both with clear limitations. On the other hand, liquid biopsies have an added value in precision medicine, since they allow to follow the molecular alterations of the patient in a systematic and less invasive way. With this method, molecules such as DNA, mRNA, miRNA, proteins and metabolites can be identified in blood plasma/serum or cerebrospinal fluid. The aim of this research was to identify new molecular targets with diagnostic and therapy relevance from liquid biopsies of patients with primary brain tumors. The identified biomarkers can be classified into these groups: genomics (DNA and RNA), proteomics, fusion molecules, miRNAs, and extracellular vesicles. As a result, it was found that miR-21, EGFR, BCR-ABL/TKI and IDH mutations are a promising proteogenomic combination for diagnosis, prognosis and precision medicine in neuro-oncology from liquid biopsies of patients with primary brain tumors. Those targets could be useful to design new molecules with potential antitumoral activity.
References
Louis, D. N. et Al. Neuro-oncology. (2021) 23: 1231-1251.
Miller, K. D, et Al. CA: a cancer journal for clinicians (2021) 71:381-406.
